Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi; Nur Ahmed Hussein; Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan; Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail; Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman; Abdulkadir Mohamed Muse

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15

Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi, Nur Ahmed Hussein, Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan, Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail, Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman, Abdulkadir Mohamed Muse

Published in European Journal of Preventive Medicine (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 5 February 2021 Accepted: 14 February 2021 Published: 27 February 2021

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Abstract

Mothers and children are among the most vulnerable population groups requiring special attention and care. The fourth and fifth Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) address child mortality and maternal health, respectively. Although maternal mortality rate (MMR) has declined globally between 1990 and 2015 by 44%, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 99% of global maternal mortality takes place in the developing countries. Somalia has one of the highest maternal and child mortality rates in the world, with 732 mothers dying in every 100,000 live births. Mainly, such high MMR is the outcome of the devastating civil wars that disrupted the country’s health infrastructure with limited antenatal care (ANC) coverage (26% only). We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach to identify ANC utilization rate and barriers among mothers having a child less than one year of age in Bosaso from October – November 2019. A sample size of 384 mothers was interviewed by using a structured questionnaire, and SPSS was used to analyze the collected data. This study found that (84.1%) of the respondents utilized ANC services during their last pregnancy, but only 28% of them completed the recommended number of ANC visits for pregnant women. The main barriers hindering the utilization of ANC services were identified to be distance of the health centers, financial constraints, inadequate knowledge and attitude of the respondents and their husbands, poor attitude of the healthcare providers, and time and family-related issues. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend uplifting the awareness of the family/mothers for the utilization of antenatal care services in health facilities.

Published in	European Journal of Preventive Medicine (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15
Page(s)	25-31
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Antenatal Care Utilization, Mothers, Antenatal Care Barriers, Bosaso

References

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APA Style

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi, Nur Ahmed Hussein, Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan, Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail, Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman, et al. (2021). Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 9(1), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15

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ACS Style

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi; Nur Ahmed Hussein; Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan; Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail; Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman, et al. Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019. Eur. J. Prev. Med. 2021, 9(1), 25-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15

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AMA Style

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi, Nur Ahmed Hussein, Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan, Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail, Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman, et al. Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019. Eur J Prev Med. 2021;9(1):25-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15,
  author = {Elmi Omar Haji Elmi and Nur Ahmed Hussein and Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan and Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail and Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman and Abdulkadir Mohamed Muse},
  title = {Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019},
  journal = {European Journal of Preventive Medicine},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {25-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejpm.20210901.15},
  abstract = {Mothers and children are among the most vulnerable population groups requiring special attention and care. The fourth and fifth Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) address child mortality and maternal health, respectively. Although maternal mortality rate (MMR) has declined globally between 1990 and 2015 by 44%, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 99% of global maternal mortality takes place in the developing countries. Somalia has one of the highest maternal and child mortality rates in the world, with 732 mothers dying in every 100,000 live births. Mainly, such high MMR is the outcome of the devastating civil wars that disrupted the country’s health infrastructure with limited antenatal care (ANC) coverage (26% only). We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach to identify ANC utilization rate and barriers among mothers having a child less than one year of age in Bosaso from October – November 2019. A sample size of 384 mothers was interviewed by using a structured questionnaire, and SPSS was used to analyze the collected data. This study found that (84.1%) of the respondents utilized ANC services during their last pregnancy, but only 28% of them completed the recommended number of ANC visits for pregnant women. The main barriers hindering the utilization of ANC services were identified to be distance of the health centers, financial constraints, inadequate knowledge and attitude of the respondents and their husbands, poor attitude of the healthcare providers, and time and family-related issues. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend uplifting the awareness of the family/mothers for the utilization of antenatal care services in health facilities.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019
AU  - Elmi Omar Haji Elmi
AU  - Nur Ahmed Hussein
AU  - Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan
AU  - Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail
AU  - Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman
AU  - Abdulkadir Mohamed Muse
Y1  - 2021/02/27
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15
T2  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JO  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
SP  - 25
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8230
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15
AB  - Mothers and children are among the most vulnerable population groups requiring special attention and care. The fourth and fifth Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) address child mortality and maternal health, respectively. Although maternal mortality rate (MMR) has declined globally between 1990 and 2015 by 44%, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 99% of global maternal mortality takes place in the developing countries. Somalia has one of the highest maternal and child mortality rates in the world, with 732 mothers dying in every 100,000 live births. Mainly, such high MMR is the outcome of the devastating civil wars that disrupted the country’s health infrastructure with limited antenatal care (ANC) coverage (26% only). We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach to identify ANC utilization rate and barriers among mothers having a child less than one year of age in Bosaso from October – November 2019. A sample size of 384 mothers was interviewed by using a structured questionnaire, and SPSS was used to analyze the collected data. This study found that (84.1%) of the respondents utilized ANC services during their last pregnancy, but only 28% of them completed the recommended number of ANC visits for pregnant women. The main barriers hindering the utilization of ANC services were identified to be distance of the health centers, financial constraints, inadequate knowledge and attitude of the respondents and their husbands, poor attitude of the healthcare providers, and time and family-related issues. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend uplifting the awareness of the family/mothers for the utilization of antenatal care services in health facilities.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, East Africa University, Bosaso, Somalia
Nur Ahmed Hussein

Department of Public Health, University of Health Sciences - Bosaso and Red Sea University, Bosaso, Somalia
Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan

Somali Institute for Development Research and Analysis (SIDRA), Minnesota, USA
Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail

Department of Pharmacy
Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman

Alberta Public Health Association, Alberta, Canada
Abdulkadir Mohamed Muse

Somali Institute for Development Research and Analysis (SIDRA), Garowe, Somalia

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APA Style

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi, Nur Ahmed Hussein, Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan, Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail, Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman, et al. (2021). Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019. European Journal of Preventive Medicine, 9(1), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15

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ACS Style

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi; Nur Ahmed Hussein; Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan; Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail; Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman, et al. Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019. Eur. J. Prev. Med. 2021, 9(1), 25-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15

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AMA Style

Elmi Omar Haji Elmi, Nur Ahmed Hussein, Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan, Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail, Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman, et al. Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019. Eur J Prev Med. 2021;9(1):25-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15

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@article{10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15,
  author = {Elmi Omar Haji Elmi and Nur Ahmed Hussein and Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan and Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail and Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman and Abdulkadir Mohamed Muse},
  title = {Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019},
  journal = {European Journal of Preventive Medicine},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {25-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ejpm.20210901.15},
  abstract = {Mothers and children are among the most vulnerable population groups requiring special attention and care. The fourth and fifth Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) address child mortality and maternal health, respectively. Although maternal mortality rate (MMR) has declined globally between 1990 and 2015 by 44%, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 99% of global maternal mortality takes place in the developing countries. Somalia has one of the highest maternal and child mortality rates in the world, with 732 mothers dying in every 100,000 live births. Mainly, such high MMR is the outcome of the devastating civil wars that disrupted the country’s health infrastructure with limited antenatal care (ANC) coverage (26% only). We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach to identify ANC utilization rate and barriers among mothers having a child less than one year of age in Bosaso from October – November 2019. A sample size of 384 mothers was interviewed by using a structured questionnaire, and SPSS was used to analyze the collected data. This study found that (84.1%) of the respondents utilized ANC services during their last pregnancy, but only 28% of them completed the recommended number of ANC visits for pregnant women. The main barriers hindering the utilization of ANC services were identified to be distance of the health centers, financial constraints, inadequate knowledge and attitude of the respondents and their husbands, poor attitude of the healthcare providers, and time and family-related issues. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend uplifting the awareness of the family/mothers for the utilization of antenatal care services in health facilities.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Antenatal Care: Utilization Rate and Barriers in Bosaso-Somalia, 2019
AU  - Elmi Omar Haji Elmi
AU  - Nur Ahmed Hussein
AU  - Abdiwahab Mohamed Hassan
AU  - Abdiwahid Mohamed Ismail
AU  - Abdullah Abdulrizak Abdulrahman
AU  - Abdulkadir Mohamed Muse
Y1  - 2021/02/27
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15
DO  - 10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15
T2  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JF  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
JO  - European Journal of Preventive Medicine
SP  - 25
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8230
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ejpm.20210901.15
AB  - Mothers and children are among the most vulnerable population groups requiring special attention and care. The fourth and fifth Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) address child mortality and maternal health, respectively. Although maternal mortality rate (MMR) has declined globally between 1990 and 2015 by 44%, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 99% of global maternal mortality takes place in the developing countries. Somalia has one of the highest maternal and child mortality rates in the world, with 732 mothers dying in every 100,000 live births. Mainly, such high MMR is the outcome of the devastating civil wars that disrupted the country’s health infrastructure with limited antenatal care (ANC) coverage (26% only). We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach to identify ANC utilization rate and barriers among mothers having a child less than one year of age in Bosaso from October – November 2019. A sample size of 384 mothers was interviewed by using a structured questionnaire, and SPSS was used to analyze the collected data. This study found that (84.1%) of the respondents utilized ANC services during their last pregnancy, but only 28% of them completed the recommended number of ANC visits for pregnant women. The main barriers hindering the utilization of ANC services were identified to be distance of the health centers, financial constraints, inadequate knowledge and attitude of the respondents and their husbands, poor attitude of the healthcare providers, and time and family-related issues. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend uplifting the awareness of the family/mothers for the utilization of antenatal care services in health facilities.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download