Objective: In order to control malaria through the reduction of Plasmodium spp vector populations, a study of the sensibility of A. gambiae ss stage II and IV larvae to V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica essential oils was carried out as well as their combined effect evaluated in the University of Ngaoundere, Adamawa region Cameroon from january to february 2020. Methodology: The tests consisted in evaluating the mortality of A. gambiae ss larvae in the presence of diluted solutions of the essential oils following a WHO (2005) methodology. Results: Bioassays revealed that the essential oils of both plants have remarkable insecticidal properties. At 250ppm, essential oils of V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica induced 100% mortality of stage II larvae after 18h of exposure. In stage IV larvae, the same concentration killed 100% of the larvae after 24h of exposure. The combined effect of the essential oils of the two plants on stage II and IV larvae of A. gambiae ss varied according to the proportion of combination made. In stage II larvae, the combination of V. heterophylla 50% and X. aetiopica 50% essential oils showed better efficacy (LC50=42.62ppm; LH50=03hr23min27sec), followed by that of V. heterophylla 25% and X. aetiopica 75% (LC50=44.24ppm; LH50=03hr31min21sec) and that of V. heterophylla 75% and X. aetiopica 25% (LC50=53.66ppm; LH50=05hr07min59sec). A similar trend was observed in stage IV larvae. Conclusion and application: In sum, due to their proven insecticidal properties against A. gambiae ss, the combination of essential oils of V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica should be highly recommended for the development of natural biocides.
| Published in | Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants (Volume 10, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12 |
| Page(s) | 29-39 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Anopheles gambiae ss, Essential Oils, Vepris heterophylla, Xylopia aetiopica, Combined Effects, Cameroon
| [1] | WHO, 2022. Geneva: World malaria report. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. ISBN 978-92-4-006489-8 (electronic version), ISBN 978-92-4-006490-4 (print version). 131 pages. |
| [2] | Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme (PNLP), 2020. Rapport d’activité 2019 du Programme Nationale de Lutte contre le Paludisme. [Activity report of the National Malaria Program.] 60 p. |
| [3] | Minsanté, 2019. 4ème Campagne de Chimioprévention du paludisme saisonnier (CPS) chez les enfants de 03 à 59 mois dans les régions du Nord et de l’Extrême-Nord du Cameroun [4th Seasonal Malaria Prevention Chemotherapy Campaign (CPS) in children aged 3 to 59 months in the North and Far North regions of Cameroon.] |
| [4] | Bouba, 2022. Effets larvicides des extraits de quatre essences végétales sur Anopheles arabiensis à Maroua (Extrême-Nord, Cameroun) [Larvicidal effects of extracts of four plant species on Anopheles arabiensis in Maroua (Far North, Cameroon).] Thèse de Doctorat/Ph. D, Université de Ngaoundéré Cameroun, 182p. |
| [5] | Djogbénou, 2009. Lutte antivectorielle contre le paludisme et résistance des vecteurs aux insecticides en Afrique [Vector control against malaria and vector resistance to insecticides in Africa.] Institut Régional de Santé Publique (IRSP), Ouidah, Bénin, Médecine |
| [6] | Tchoumbougnang F., Dongmo P. M., Sameza M. L., Nkouaya E. G., Fotso G. B., Zollo P. H. et Menut C., 2009. Activité larvicide sur Anopheles gambiae Giles 1902 et composition chimique des huiles essentielles extraites de quatre plantes cultivées au Cameroun [Larvicidal activity on Anopheles gambiae Giles 1902 and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from four plants cultivated in Cameroon.]. Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 1: 77-84. |
| [7] | WHO, 2014. Entomologie du paludisme et lutte antivectorielle. Guide du participant [Malaria entomology and vector control. Participant's guide.] 187p. |
| [8] | Chandre F, Darrier F, Manga L. Status of pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae sensu lato, 2000. Bull World Health Organization. 1999; 77: 230-234. |
| [9] | Saotoing, 2017. Faune culicidienne, transmission de Plasmodium et essais de lutte contre Anopheles gambiae par l’utilisation des extraits de plantes locales à Maroua (Cameroun) [Culicidian fauna, transmission of Plasmodium and trials to combat Anopheles gambiae using local plant extracts in Maroua (Cameroon).] Thèse de Doctorat/Ph. D, Université de Ngaoundéré Cameroun, 141. |
| [10] | Diksha N. K. G., Kumar R. and Dhar K. L., 2012. Study on contents and chemical constituents of the essential oil of the leaves of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Life Science, 2(4): 264-269. |
| [11] | Kraiffi Fella, Boualam Khaoula, 2021. Extraction et caractérisation de quelques huiles essentielles des plantes utilisées dans la thérapie grippale (Tymus lanceolatus, Eucaluptus globulus) [Extraction and characterization of some essential oils from plants used in influenza therapy (Tymus lanceolatus, Eucaluptus globulus).] Mémoire de Master, Université de Biskra Algérie, 50p. |
| [12] | Desfontaine M, Tchikangwa I, Le Goff G, Robert V, Carnevale P, 1991. Influence de l’alimentation des larves de Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) sur le développement préimaginal en insectarium [Influence of the diet of larvae of Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae) on preimaginal development in the insectary.] Bulletin de liaison et de documentation de l’OCEAC 98: 12-14. |
| [13] | OMS, 2005. Roll Back Malaria Project: Resources Support Network for Prevention and control of Malaria Epidemics., 88 p. |
| [14] | Bezzaoui Ouarda, 2013. Comparaison de l’efficacité des extraits aqueux et des huiles essentielles de Rosmarinus officinalis (la sauge) et de Salvia officinalis avec un insecticide chimique la Cyperméthrine sur les larves de Culex pipiens en conditions controlées [Comparison of the effectiveness of aqueous extracts and essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis (sage) and Salvia officinalis with a chemical insecticide Cypermethrin on Culex pipiens larvae under controlled conditions.] Mémoire de Master, Université de Blida, 49p. |
| [15] |
Dongmo Jazet P. M., Tatsadjieu L. N., Tchinda Sonwa1E., Kuate J., Amvam Zollo P. H. and Menut C., 2009. Essential oils of Citrus aurantifolia from Cameroon and their antifungal activity against Phaeoramularia angolensis. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 4 (4), pp. 354-358, April 2009 Available online at
http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR ISSN 1991-637X © 2009 Academic Journals. |
| [16] | Finney, 1971. Probit analysis. 3rd Ed. Cambridge University Press, 333 p. |
| [17] | Derradhi Heffaf F., 2013. Composition chimique et activité insecticide de trois extraits végétaux à l’égard de Sitophylus orizae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) [Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of three plant extracts against Sitophylus orizae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)]. Thèse de Doctorat, ENSA, Algérie, 89p. |
| [18] | Chemat, F., Abert-Vian, M., Fabiano-Tixier, A. S., Strube, J., Uhlenbrock, L., Gunjevic, V. & Cravotto, G., 2019. Green extraction of natural products. Origins, current status, and future challenges. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 118, 248-263. |
| [19] | Matu, E. N., 2011. Vepris heterophylla (Engl.) Letouzey. In: Schmelzer, G. H. & Gurib Fakim, A. (Editors). PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa. |
| [20] | Aouinty B, Saadia O, Fouad Mr. and Saadia Mr., 2006. Preliminary assessment of the larvicide activity of the aqueous extracts of the sheets of the ricinus (Ricinus communis L.) and of the wood of thuja (Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Mast.) on the larvae of the four culicidés mosquitos: Culex pipiens (Linneus), Aedes caspius (Pallas), Culiseta longiareolata (Aitken) and Anopheles maculipennis (Meigen)". Biothchnol. Agron. Ploughshare. Approximately. 10 (2), 67-71. |
| [21] | Sidibe, L., Chalchat, J. C., Garry, R. P. & Harama, M., 2001. Aromatic plants of Mali (VI): chemical composition of essential oil of Vepris heterophylla (Engl.). Journal of Essential Oil Research 13(3): 183–184. |
| [22] | Koffi Senam Etsè, Roger H. Ch. Nébié, Kodjo Eloh, Kokou Agbekonyi Agbodan, Kokouvi Dotse, Honoré Kossi Koumaglo, 2012. Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich (Annonaceae) essential oil on Callosobruchus maculatus. J. Soc. Ouest-Afr. Chim. (2012) 034; 71- 77. |
| [23] | Saotoing P., Tchuenguem Fohouo F. N., Febal H., Amba A. H. B., Amadou H., Nawe T. U., 2014. Evaluation of insecticidal effect of vegetable oils Extracted from the ripe seeds of Azadirachta indica and Khaya senegalensis in adult Anopheles gambiae s. l. In Maroua, Far north region Cameroon. GJRMI 3(8) 312-322. |
| [24] | Diallo D., Marston A. Terreaux C., Touré Y., Paulsen B., Smestad et Hostettman K., 2001. Screening of Malian Medicinal Plants for Antifungal, Larvicidal, Molluscicidal, Antioxydant and Radical Scavenging Activities”. Phytotherapy Research, 15, 401–406. |
| [25] | Akono Ntonga P., Philippe Belong, François Tchoumbougnang, Eric Moïse Bakwo Wire, Henri Fankem, 2012. Chemical composition and insecticidal effects of essential oils of the fresh sheets of Ocimum canum Sims and Ocimum basilicum L on the adults of Anopheles funestus ss, vector of malaria in Cameroun: ISSN 1997-5902. |
| [26] | Bouba Theophile, Saotoing Pierre and Ndjonka Dieudonne, 2020. Evaluation of the larvicidal and pupecidal potential on Anopheles gambiae sl of methanolic extracts of Cyperus rotundus (Cyperaceae) and Leucas martinicensis (Lamiaceae). International Journal of Mosquito Research 2020; 7(2): 01-07. |
| [27] | Njan Nloga A. M, Saotoing P, Tchouankeu J. C and Messi J 2007- Effect of Essential Oils of Six Room Insecticidal Used Seedlings one Adults of Anopheles gambiae Giles 1902 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroun Newspaper of Entomology 4 (6): 444-450. |
| [28] | Saotoing P, Tchuenguem Fohouo FN, Amadou Dawe, Ngatarang C. Evaluation of the insecticidal effect of the acetone extract of the dried leaves of Calotropis procera Ait. (Asclepiadaceae) in adults of Anopheles gambiae, Maroua (Cameroon). International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2014; 8(4): 1438-1444. |
APA Style
Ndawakai, N., Théophile, B., Pierre, S., Elias, N. N. (2024). Effects of Essential Oils of Vepris heterophylla (Rutaceae) and Xylopia aetiopica (Annonaceae) on Stage II and IV Larvae of Anopheles gambiae Sensu Stricto Giles 1902. Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants, 10(2), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12
ACS Style
Ndawakai, N.; Théophile, B.; Pierre, S.; Elias, N. N. Effects of Essential Oils of Vepris heterophylla (Rutaceae) and Xylopia aetiopica (Annonaceae) on Stage II and IV Larvae of Anopheles gambiae Sensu Stricto Giles 1902. J. Dis. Med. Plants 2024, 10(2), 29-39. doi: 10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12
AMA Style
Ndawakai N, Théophile B, Pierre S, Elias NN. Effects of Essential Oils of Vepris heterophylla (Rutaceae) and Xylopia aetiopica (Annonaceae) on Stage II and IV Larvae of Anopheles gambiae Sensu Stricto Giles 1902. J Dis Med Plants. 2024;10(2):29-39. doi: 10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12,
author = {Ndevenna Ndawakai and Bouba Théophile and Saotoing Pierre and Nukenine Nchiwan Elias},
title = {Effects of Essential Oils of Vepris heterophylla (Rutaceae) and Xylopia aetiopica (Annonaceae) on Stage II and IV Larvae of Anopheles gambiae Sensu Stricto Giles 1902
},
journal = {Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {29-39},
doi = {10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jdmp.20241002.12},
abstract = {Objective: In order to control malaria through the reduction of Plasmodium spp vector populations, a study of the sensibility of A. gambiae ss stage II and IV larvae to V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica essential oils was carried out as well as their combined effect evaluated in the University of Ngaoundere, Adamawa region Cameroon from january to february 2020. Methodology: The tests consisted in evaluating the mortality of A. gambiae ss larvae in the presence of diluted solutions of the essential oils following a WHO (2005) methodology. Results: Bioassays revealed that the essential oils of both plants have remarkable insecticidal properties. At 250ppm, essential oils of V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica induced 100% mortality of stage II larvae after 18h of exposure. In stage IV larvae, the same concentration killed 100% of the larvae after 24h of exposure. The combined effect of the essential oils of the two plants on stage II and IV larvae of A. gambiae ss varied according to the proportion of combination made. In stage II larvae, the combination of V. heterophylla 50% and X. aetiopica 50% essential oils showed better efficacy (LC50=42.62ppm; LH50=03hr23min27sec), followed by that of V. heterophylla 25% and X. aetiopica 75% (LC50=44.24ppm; LH50=03hr31min21sec) and that of V. heterophylla 75% and X. aetiopica 25% (LC50=53.66ppm; LH50=05hr07min59sec). A similar trend was observed in stage IV larvae. Conclusion and application: In sum, due to their proven insecticidal properties against A. gambiae ss, the combination of essential oils of V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica should be highly recommended for the development of natural biocides.
},
year = {2024}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of Essential Oils of Vepris heterophylla (Rutaceae) and Xylopia aetiopica (Annonaceae) on Stage II and IV Larvae of Anopheles gambiae Sensu Stricto Giles 1902 AU - Ndevenna Ndawakai AU - Bouba Théophile AU - Saotoing Pierre AU - Nukenine Nchiwan Elias Y1 - 2024/05/30 PY - 2024 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12 DO - 10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12 T2 - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants JF - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants JO - Journal of Diseases and Medicinal Plants SP - 29 EP - 39 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2469-8210 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jdmp.20241002.12 AB - Objective: In order to control malaria through the reduction of Plasmodium spp vector populations, a study of the sensibility of A. gambiae ss stage II and IV larvae to V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica essential oils was carried out as well as their combined effect evaluated in the University of Ngaoundere, Adamawa region Cameroon from january to february 2020. Methodology: The tests consisted in evaluating the mortality of A. gambiae ss larvae in the presence of diluted solutions of the essential oils following a WHO (2005) methodology. Results: Bioassays revealed that the essential oils of both plants have remarkable insecticidal properties. At 250ppm, essential oils of V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica induced 100% mortality of stage II larvae after 18h of exposure. In stage IV larvae, the same concentration killed 100% of the larvae after 24h of exposure. The combined effect of the essential oils of the two plants on stage II and IV larvae of A. gambiae ss varied according to the proportion of combination made. In stage II larvae, the combination of V. heterophylla 50% and X. aetiopica 50% essential oils showed better efficacy (LC50=42.62ppm; LH50=03hr23min27sec), followed by that of V. heterophylla 25% and X. aetiopica 75% (LC50=44.24ppm; LH50=03hr31min21sec) and that of V. heterophylla 75% and X. aetiopica 25% (LC50=53.66ppm; LH50=05hr07min59sec). A similar trend was observed in stage IV larvae. Conclusion and application: In sum, due to their proven insecticidal properties against A. gambiae ss, the combination of essential oils of V. heterophylla and X. aetiopica should be highly recommended for the development of natural biocides. VL - 10 IS - 2 ER -
Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
